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HESI RN · HESI Medical Surgical · HESI Medical Surgical Practice Exam Quizlet

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

The client who has a history of Parkinson's disease for the past 5 years is being assessed by the nurse. What symptoms would this client most likely exhibit?

A. Loss of short-term memory, facial tics, and grimaces, and constant writhing movements.

B. Shuffling gait, masklike facial expression, and tremors of the head.

C. Extreme muscular weakness, easy fatigability, and ptosis.

D. Numbness of the extremities, loss of balance, and visual disturbances.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Shuffling gait, masklike facial expression, and tremors of the head.

Question 2 of 5

A client who is receiving chemotherapy asks the nurse, 'Why is so much of my hair falling out each day?' Which response by the nurse best explains the reason for alopecia?

A. Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal and malignant.'

B. Alopecia is a common side effect you will experience during long-term steroid therapy.'

C. Your hair will grow back completely after your course of chemotherapy is completed.'

D. The chemotherapy causes permanent alterations in your hair follicles that lead to hair loss.'

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal and malignant.'

Question 3 of 5

A female client taking oral contraceptives reports to the nurse that she is experiencing calf pain. What action should the nurse implement?

A. Determine if the client has also experienced breast tenderness and weight gain.

B. Encourage the client to begin a regular, daily program of walking and exercise.

C. Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.

D. Tell the client to stop taking the medication for a week to see if symptoms subside.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.

Question 4 of 5

What is the correct procedure for performing an ophthalmoscopic examination on a client's right retina?

A. Instruct the client to focus on a distant object behind the examiner and not move their eyes during the exam.

B. Set the ophthalmoscope on the plus 2 to 3 lens and hold it in front of the examiner's right eye.

C. From a distance of 12 to 15 inches and slightly to the side, shine the light into the client's pupil.

D. For optimal visualization, keep the ophthalmoscope at least 3 inches from the client's eye.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: From a distance of 12 to 15 inches and slightly to the side, shine the light into the client's pupil.

Question 5 of 5

A middle-aged male client with diabetes continues to eat an abundance of foods that are high in sugar and fat. According to the Health Belief Model, which event is most likely to increase the client's willingness to become compliant with the prescribed diet?

A. He visits his diabetic brother who just had surgery to amputate an infected foot.

B. He is provided with the most current information about the dangers of untreated diabetes.

C. He comments on the community service announcements about preventing complications associated with diabetes.

D. His wife expresses a sincere willingness to prepare meals that are within his prescribed diet.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: He visits his diabetic brother who just had surgery to amputate an infected foot.

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