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HESI RN · HESI Medical Surgical · Evolve HESI Medical Surgical Practice Exam

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A client who has received sodium bicarbonate in large amounts is at risk for metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following signs and symptoms does the nurse assess this client?

A. Disorientation and dyspnea
B. Drowsiness, headache, and tachypnea
C. Tachypnea, dizziness, and paresthesias
D. Dysrhythmias and decreased respiratory rate and depth

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Dysrhythmias and decreased respiratory rate and depth

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is preparing to give a dose of a cephalosporin medication to a patient who has been receiving the antibiotic for 2 weeks. The nurse notes ulcers on the patient's tongue and buccal mucosa. Which action will the nurse take?

A. Hold the drug and notify the provider.
B. Obtain an order to culture the oral lesions.
C. Gather emergency equipment to prepare for anaphylaxis.
D. Report a possible superinfection side effect of the cephalosporin.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Report a possible superinfection side effect of the cephalosporin.

Question 3 of 5

A child who weighs 10 kg will begin taking oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The liquid preparation contains 40 mg of TMP and 200 mg of SMX per 5 mL. The nurse determines that the child's dose should be 8 mg of TMP and 40 mg of SMX/kg/day divided into two doses. Which order for this child is correct?

A. 5 mL PO BID
B. 5 mL PO daily
C. 10 mL PO BID
D. 10 mL PO daily

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: 5 mL PO BID

Question 4 of 5

Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (GoLYTELY) is prescribed for a hospitalized client scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client begins to experience diarrhea after drinking the solution. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A. Calling the physician
B. Administering a cleansing enema
C. Documenting the diarrhea in the medical record
D. Giving intravenous replacement fluids in large amounts

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Documenting the diarrhea in the medical record

Question 5 of 5

A client presents with a fungal urinary tract infection (UTI). Which assessments should the nurse complete? (Select all that apply.)

A. Palpate the kidneys and bladder.
B. Assess the medical history and current medical problems.
C. Perform a bladder scan to assess post-void residual.
D. Inquire about recent travel to foreign countries.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Assess the medical history and current medical problems.

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