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HESI RN · HESI Fundamentals of Nursing · Vital Signs Physical Assessment Techniques

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

Which of the following is the most appropriate action when the nurse encounters an area of tenderness during abdominal palpation?

A. Skip palpation of the area to avoid causing the patient discomfort.
B. Palpate the tender area last.
C. Apply firm pressure to determine the extent of tenderness.
D. Palpate the area first to quickly assess the patient's pain threshold.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Palpate the tender area last.

Question 2 of 5

A 70-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents with shortness of breath and orthopnea. His physical examination reveals bilateral pedal edema, crackles at the lung bases, and jugular venous distention. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Congestive heart failure
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. Renal failure

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Congestive heart failure

Question 3 of 5

Mr. Kruger is an 84-year-old who presents with a smooth lower abdominal mass in the midline which is minimally tender. There is dullness to percussion up to 6 centimeters above the symphysis pubis. What does this most likely represent?

A. Sigmoid mass
B. Tumor in the abdominal wall
C. Hernia
D. Enlarged bladder

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Enlarged bladder

Question 4 of 5

During an eye assessment, the nurse uses the Snellen chart to test the patient's visual acuity. Which result is considered normal?

A. 20/30.
B. 20/20.
C. 20/40.
D. 20/50.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: 20/20.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is preparing to measure the length, weight, chest, and head circumference of a 6-month-old infant. Which measurement technique is correct?

A. Measuring the infant's length by using a tape measure
B. Weighing the infant by placing him or her on an electronic standing scale
C. Measuring the chest circumference at the nipple line with a tape measure
D. Measuring the head circumference by wrapping the tape measure over the nose and cheekbones

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Measuring the chest circumference at the nipple line with a tape measure

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