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HESI RN · HESI Fundamentals of Nursing · Vital Signs Assessment Quizlet

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A physical therapist treats a patient with left-sided heart failure. The patient exhibits persistent cough, shortness of breath, and pulmonary edema. The therapist explains that the patient's symptoms are MOST likely due to:

A. Decreased venous return to the heart

B. Fluid accumulation in the lungs

C. Increased systemic circulation

D. Increased right ventricular preload

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Fluid accumulation in the lungs

Question 2 of 5

For which of the following patients would a comprehensive health history be appropriate?

A. A new patient with the chief complaint of 'I sprained my ankle'

B. An established patient with the chief complaint of 'I have an upper respiratory infection'

C. A new patient with the chief complaint of 'I am here to establish care'

D. A new patient with the chief complaint of 'I cut my hand'

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: A new patient with the chief complaint of 'I am here to establish care'

Question 3 of 5

A patient drifts off to sleep when she is not being stimulated. The nurse can easily arouse her by calling her name, but the patient remains drowsy during the conversation. The best description of this patient's level of consciousness would be:

A. Lethargic

B. Obtunded

C. Stuporous

D. Semialert

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Lethargic

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a pulse rate of 48. His blood pressure is within normal limits. Which finding will help the nurse determine the cause of the patient's low heart rate?

A. The patient has a fever.

B. The patient has possible hemorrhage or bleeding.

C. The patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

D. The patient has calcium channel blockers or digitalis medication prescriptions.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: The patient has calcium channel blockers or digitalis medication prescriptions.

Question 5 of 5

During a respiratory assessment, the nurse observes that the patient has a prolonged expiration phase. What condition is most likely associated with this finding?

A. Asthma.

B. Pneumonia.

C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

D. Pulmonary embolism.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

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