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HESI LPN · HESI LPN Pharmacology · HESI NCLEX Pharmacology Cardiovascular Drugs

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A client has been hospitalized for severe depression in the past, but has had difficulty finding stabilization on medication. The client is found unconscious, but still breathing, with an empty bottle of sertraline (Zoloftâ) beside her. She is stabilized in an emergency department and is then admitted to a psychiatric unit. A nurse understands that a physician may order electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for this client for what reason?

A. Because the physician does not want to try further medication
B. Because ECT has proven to be effective in acutely suicidal clients and in clients whose therapeutic regimen has been ineffective
C. Because it is a less expensive treatment than prescribing further medication
D. Because ECT should abolish the client's suicidal and depressive symptoms instantly

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Because ECT has proven to be effective in acutely suicidal clients and in clients whose therapeutic regimen has been ineffective

Question 2 of 5

This drug is an effective bronchodilator:

A. Nifedipine
B. Verapamil
C. Both of the above
D. None of the above

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: None of the above

Question 3 of 5

Action mechanism of methotrexate is:

A. Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase
B. Activation of cell differentiation
C. Catabolic depletion of serum asparagine
D. All of the above

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase

Question 4 of 5

A 63-year-old man with congestive heart failure comes to the cardiologist for a routine visit. He is doing well and has no complaints. He is taking digoxin, metoprolol, and spironolactone. What is the mechanism of action of spironolactone?

A. Aldosterone receptor antagonist
B. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
C. Inhibits NaCl reabsorption
D. Inhibits Na⁺/K⁺/2Cl⁻ cotransport

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Aldosterone receptor antagonist

Question 5 of 5

A patient asks, “What are neurotransmitters? The doctor said mine are imbalanced.” Select the nurse’s best response.

A. parasympathetic nervous system.
B. Increase dietary fiber
C. psychostimulant.
D. “Neurotransmitters are natural chemicals that pass messages between brain cells.”

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: “Neurotransmitters are natural chemicals that pass messages between brain cells.”

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