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HESI LPN · HESI LPN Medical Surgical Nursing · Medical Surgical Assignment Exam HESI

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

The mother of a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) asks why her child must be kept NPO. Which response would be the most correct?

A. The epinephrine given causes nausea and vomiting.

B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids.

C. The child is not hungry.

D. The child's rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: The child's rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration.

Question 2 of 5

During the initial assessment of an older male client with obesity and diabetes who develops intermittent claudication, which additional information obtained by the nurse is most significant?

A. Smokes 1.5 packs of cigarettes daily.

B. Exercises regularly.

C. Has a high-fat diet.

D. Consumes alcohol daily.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Smokes 1.5 packs of cigarettes daily.

Question 3 of 5

An adolescent female asks the nurse about taking retinoic acid (Accutane). What guidance should be provided by the nurse?

A. The medication should be used for 10 weeks only.

B. The medication requires that sexually active females use contraception.

C. The medication lowers hemoglobin levels very quickly.

D. The medication has few side effects.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: The medication requires that sexually active females use contraception.

Question 4 of 5

A male client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/microliter. The client asks the nurse why he keeps getting these massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to the client's question?

A. Bone marrow suppression of white blood cells causes insufficient cells to phagocytize organisms.

B. Exposure to multiple environmental infectious agents overburdens the immune system until it fails.

C. The humoral immune response lacks B cells that form antibodies and opportunistic infections result.

D. Inadequate numbers of T lymphocytes are available to initiate cellular immunity and macrophages.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Inadequate numbers of T lymphocytes are available to initiate cellular immunity and macrophages.

Question 5 of 5

What is the most common method of attempted suicide?

A. Hanging

B. Drug overdose

C. Gunshot

D. Slashing the wrists

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Drug overdose

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