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HESI LPN · HESI LPN Fundamentals of Nursing · HESI Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Workbook Answers

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

Which is incorrect with regards to hypocalcemia?

A. it causes QT prolongation

B. treatment with calcium may not work if magnesium is not given as well

C. i.v administration of calcium requires cardiac monitoring

D. hyperventilation produces tetany by causes a fall in the total body calcium

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: hyperventilation produces tetany by causes a fall in the total body calcium

Question 2 of 5

A patients PaCO2 is abnormal on an ABG report. Which of the following illnesses would most likely be the medical diagnosis?

A. rheumatoid arthritis

B. sexually transmitted infection

C. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

D. infection of the bladder and ureters

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 3 of 5

When the pH of the extracellular fluid declines, the kidneys

A. excrete more sodium ions

B. excrete more bicarbonate ions

C. reabsorb more potassium ions

D. reabsorb more hydrogen ions

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: reabsorb more potassium ions

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?

A. Increased renal excretion of bicarbonate

B. Decreased respiratory rate

C. Hyperventilation

D. Increased bicarbonate production

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Increased bicarbonate production

Question 5 of 5

The nurse assessing a patient with vomiting and diarrhea observes that the urine is scant and concentrated. Which controlling factor is responsible for compensatory reabsorption of water?

A. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus

B. Antidiuretic hormone in the posterior pituitary

C. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus

D. Insulin from the pancreas

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Antidiuretic hormone in the posterior pituitary

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