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ATI RN · ATI Medical Surgical · Neurological Review of Systems Questions

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

What happens at the synapse?

A. The synapse physically joins two neurons.

B. The nerve impulse is transmitted only from one neuron to another neuron.

C. The presynaptic terminal submits a nerve impulse through the synaptic cleft to the receptor site on the postsynaptic cell.

D. When a presynaptic cell releases excitatory neurotransmitters, the postsynaptic cell depolarizes enough to generate an action potential.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: The presynaptic terminal submits a nerve impulse through the synaptic cleft to the receptor site on the postsynaptic cell.

Question 2 of 5

Following a knee arthroplasty, a patient has a continuous passive motion machine for the affected joint. The nurse explains to the patient that this device is used for what purpose?

A. To relieve edema and pain at the incision site

B. To promote early joint mobility and increase knee flexion

C. To prevent venous stasis and the formation of a deep venous thrombosis

D. To improve arterial circulation to the affected extremity to promote healing

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: To promote early joint mobility and increase knee flexion

Question 3 of 5

In Drosophila, the neuroectoderm is located ventrally during gastrulation, while in mice or frogs, the neuroectoderm is located dorsally. Which statement best describes how the two systems are similar or different?

A. There are no similarities between flies and vertebrates in development of the nervous system.

B. Although gastrulation is completely different in invertebrates and vertebrates, the formation of a neural tube is identical in the two types of animals.

C. There is little similarity, since the neuroectoderm of invertebrates forms their nervous system with no further morphological changes, while in vertebrates, the neural tube forms a bundle of neurons running along the antero-posterior axis called the spinal cord.

D. Although the invertebrate nervous system is a ventrally located nerve cord, and the vertebrate spinal cord is located dorsally, homologous genes play a role, and neurons are ultimately specified through a process of lateral inhibition in both cases.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Although the invertebrate nervous system is a ventrally located nerve cord, and the vertebrate spinal cord is located dorsally, homologous genes play a role, and neurons are ultimately specified through a process of lateral inhibition in both cases.

Question 4 of 5

The ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

A. Enters the face via the inferior orbital fissure

B. Supplies sympathetic fibres to constrictor papillae muscles

C. Supplies sensation to the forehead and upper eyelid, excluding the orbit

D. Gives five branches, two of which contain sympathetic as well as sensory fibres

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Gives five branches, two of which contain sympathetic as well as sensory fibres

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following may reduce the risk of excessive bleeding in a client who is scheduled to undergo an orthopedic surgery?

A. Withholding aspirin before the surgery.

B. Withholding antacids before the surgery.

C. Encouraging the intake of red meat before the surgery.

D. Avoiding excess fluid intake before the surgery.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Withholding aspirin before the surgery.

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