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ATI RN · ATI Medical Surgical · ATI Hematologic System Quizlet

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A female infant is diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) not associated with an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. In taking the family history, you learn that another female infant died of HLH 2 years ago. Also, a newborn female child died of an unknown disease 4 years prior and was said have been bleeding profusely, jaundiced, and had a distended abdomen. When counseling the family about the genetics of HLH, how will you explain it?

A. It is an X-linked syndrome
B. It is an autosomal recessive syndrome
C. It is a dominant inheritance syndrome
D. It is an autosomal recessive syndrome with incomplete penetrance

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: It is an autosomal recessive syndrome

Question 2 of 5

The pathophysiology of venous thrombosis is often explained by Virchow's triad, which includes hypercoagulability, endothelial injury, and venous stasis. Based on Virchow's triad and your knowledge of risk factors for thrombosis, which of the following pediatric patients has the greatest risk of hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism?

A. 3-day-old full-term infant admitted to hospital pediatrics for hyperbilirubinemia
B. 6-month-old male admitted to the infectious disease unit for respiratory syncytial virus
C. Ex-28 week premature infant, requiring NICU-level care for necrotizing enterocolitis
D. 7-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving maintenance chemotherapy admitted to hematology/oncology unit for fever and neutropenia

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Ex-28 week premature infant, requiring NICU-level care for necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 3 of 5

A home health nurse is caring for a patient with multiple myeloma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize when addressing the patient's severe bone pain?

A. Implementing distraction techniques
B. Educating the patient about the effective use of hot and cold packs
C. Teaching the patient to use NSAIDs effectively
D. Helping the patient manage the opioid analgesic regimen

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Helping the patient manage the opioid analgesic regimen

Question 4 of 5

Heparin is an anticoagulant produced by the basophils. The most likely mechanism heparin prevents blood clotting is by

A. Inhibiting the formation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
B. Preventing the activation of platelets
C. Preventing the aggregation of platelets
D. Binding to antithrombin III to inactivate thrombin

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Binding to antithrombin III to inactivate thrombin

Question 5 of 5

A 12-year-old patient with localized osteosarcoma is being treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and high-dose methotrexate. The pain at his primary site rapidly resolves after initiation of chemotherapy. After tumor resection, pathology reveals the tumor was greater than 95% necrotic. You want to continue cisplatin, doxorubicin, and high-dose methotrexate. Which of the following is the best answer regarding the evaluations that should be performed to monitor for toxicity in patients receiving cisplatin, doxorubicin, and high-dose methotrexate?

A. Complete blood count, creatinine, liver function tests
B. Complete blood count, serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, BUN, chloride), and EKG to monitor for prolonged QTc
C. Complete blood count, creatinine, serum magnesium, audiogram, and echocardiogram
D. Complete blood count, creatinine, serum magnesium, chest x-ray

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Complete blood count, creatinine, serum magnesium, audiogram, and echocardiogram

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