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ATI RN · ATI Fundamentals · Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Answer Key

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A patient presents with confusion, muscle cramps, and a serum potassium of 2.9 mEq/L. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A. Administer IV potassium chloride

B. Encourage the patient to eat bananas

C. Administer calcium gluconate

D. Administer sodium bicarbonate

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Administer IV potassium chloride

Question 2 of 5

When considering hypertonic solutions, extra assessment is needed for the condition of the

A. Respiratory

B. Renal

C. Heart

D. Liver

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Heart

Question 3 of 5

A patient who has a small cell cancer of the lung develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should notify the health care provider about which assessment finding?

A. Serum hematocrit of 42%.

B. Serum sodium of 120 mg/dL.

C. Urinary output of 280 mL in 8 hours.

D. Reported weight gain of 2.2 pounds (1 kg).

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Serum sodium of 120 mg/dL.

Question 4 of 5

A buffer

A. moderates changes in pH

B. always increases pH

C. always decreases pH

D. binds or releases bicarbonate ions

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: moderates changes in pH

Question 5 of 5

During a period of extreme excess fluid volume, a renal dialysis patient may be administered which type of IV solution to shrink the swollen cells by pulling water out of the cell?

A. 0.9% sodium chloride

B. 5% dextrose and water

C. 3% sodium chloride

D. Lactated Ringer solution

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: 3% sodium chloride

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