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ATI RN · ATI Fluid and Electrolytes · ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

After teaching a client who was malnourished and is being discharged, a nurse assesses the clients understanding. Which statement indicates the client correctly understood teaching to decrease risk for the development of metabolic acidosis?

A. I will drink at least three glasses of milk each day.
B. . I will eat three well-balanced meals and a snack daily.
C. . I will not take pain medication and antihistamines together.
D. I will avoid salting my food when cooking or during meals.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: I will drink at least three glasses of milk each day.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following laboratory results: potassium 3.4 mEq/L, magnesium 1.8 mEq/L, calcium 8.5 mEq/L, sodium 144 mEq/L. Which assessment should the nurse complete first?

A. Assess the client's dietary intake of foods high in potassium.
B. Assess the client's neuromuscular status.
C. Assess the client's fluid intake and output.
D. Read food labels to determine sodium content.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Read food labels to determine sodium content.

Question 3 of 5

You are working on a burns unit, and one of your acutely ill patients is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. Based on this change in status, you should expect the patient to exhibit signs and symptoms of what imbalance?

A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypovolemia

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Hypovolemia

Question 4 of 5

The nurse in the medical ICU is caring for a patient who is in respiratory acidosis due to inadequate ventilation. What diagnosis could the patient have that could cause inadequate ventilation?

A. Endocarditis
B. Multiple myeloma
C. Guillain-Barr syndrome
D. Overdose of amphetamines

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Guillain-Barr syndrome

Question 5 of 5

. A 73-year-old man comes into the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after slipping on a small carpet in his home. The patient fell on his hip with a resultant fracture. He is alert and oriented; his pupils are equal and reactive to light and accommodation. His heart rate is elevated, he is anxious and thirsty, a Foley catheter is placed, and 40 mL of urine is present. What is the nurses most likely explanation for the low urine output?

A. The man urinated prior to his arrival to the ED and will probably not need to have the Foley catheter kept in place.
B. The man likely has a traumatic brain injury, lacks antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and needs vasopressin.
C. The man is experiencing symptoms of heart failure and is releasing atrial natriuretic peptide that results in decreased urine output.
D. The man is having a sympathetic reaction, which has stimulated the reninangiotensinaldosterone system that results in diminished urine output.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: The man is having a sympathetic reaction, which has stimulated the reninangiotensinaldosterone system that results in diminished urine output.

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