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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing · Test Questions Renal System

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A patient with a diagnosis of respiratory acidosis is experiencing renal compensation. What function does the kidney perform to assist in restoring acid-base balance?

A. Sequestering free hydrogen ions in the nephrons
B. Returning bicarbonate to the bodys circulation
C. Returning acid to the bodys circulation
D. Excreting bicarbonate in the urine

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Returning bicarbonate to the bodys circulation

Question 2 of 5

Which information noted by the nurse when caring for a patient with a bladder infection is most important to report to the health care provider?

A. Dysuria
B. Hematuria
C. Left-sided flank pain
D. Temperature 100.1°F

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Left-sided flank pain

Question 3 of 5

Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60 minutes. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

A. Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual.
B. Monitor the patient's intake and output over the next few hours.
C. Have the patient take small amounts of fluid frequently throughout the day.
D. Reassure the patient that this is normal after rectal surgery because of anesthesia.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is preparing to give a dose of oral clindamycin (Cleocin) to a patient who is being treated for a skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The patient has had several doses of the medication and reports having nausea. Which action will the nurse take next?

A. Administer the next dose when the patient has an empty stomach.
B. Hold the next dose and contact the patient's provider.
C. Instruct the patient to take the next dose with a full glass of water.
D. Request an order for an antacid to give along with the next dose.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Instruct the patient to take the next dose with a full glass of water.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is reinforcing teaching on antibiotic use for a urinary tract infection(UTI). Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

A. I will take the antibiotics until my urine is no longer cloudy.
B. I will take the antibiotics whenever I feel discomfort from urinating.
C. I will take the antibiotics until my temperature has been normal for 3 days.
D. I will take the antibiotics until they are gone regardless of symptoms.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: I will take the antibiotics until they are gone regardless of symptoms.

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