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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing · NCLEX Questions on the Renal System

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A 15-year-old is admitted to the renal unit with a diagnosis of postinfectious glomerular disease. The nurse should recognize that this form of kidney disease may have been precipitated by what event?

A. Psychosocial stress

B. Hypersensitivity to an immunization

C. Menarche

D. Streptococcal infection

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Streptococcal infection

Question 2 of 5

Concerning the measurement of renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR):

A. inulin is a good GFR marker because it is freely filtered in the glomeruli and it is not reabsorbed, or secreted, by the renal tubules

B. inulin concentration in the proximal tubule's lumen increases progressively as water is reabsorbed in the segment of the nephron

C. PAH (para-amino-hippuric acid) is a good marker of renal plasma flow because it is freely filtered and is rapidly secreted by the proximal tubule; as a result very little PAH reaches the renal vein

D. all are correct

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: all are correct

Question 3 of 5

A male client comes into the emergency department with a serum creatinine of 2.2 mg/dL and a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 24 mL/dL. What question should the nurse ask first when taking this client's history?

A. Have you been taking any aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen recently?'

B. Do you have anyone in your family with renal failure?'

C. Have you had a diet that is low in protein recently?'

D. Has a relative had a kidney transplant lately?'

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Have you been taking any aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen recently?'

Question 4 of 5

The majority of reabsorption occurs in the:

A. renal capsule

B. proximal convoluted tubule

C. collecting duct

D. ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: proximal convoluted tubule

Question 5 of 5

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

A. storage of urine

B. filtration of blood

C. muscular contractions

D. urethra expansion

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: filtration of blood

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