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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing · NCLEX Questions on Renal System

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

The kidneys produce all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one?

A. erythropoietin

B. angiotensinogen

C. hydronium ions

D. bicarbonate ions

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: angiotensinogen

Question 2 of 5

If the glomerular filtration rate is too high, the macula densa sends a message to the afferent arteriole. What is the effect of this message?

A. granular cells of arteriole walls release renin

B. afferent arteriole dilates

C. it inhibits the action of ATP and adenosine on the afferent arteriole

D. afferent arteriole constricts

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: afferent arteriole constricts

Question 3 of 5

Which statement by a patient demonstrates an accurate understanding about herbal supplements?

A. Herbs may interact with prescribed medications but not other herbs

B. Most herbs have been tested and found to be safe and therapeutic

C. The Food and Drug Administration regulates herbs and allows advertising

D. There is no standardization among the manufacturers of herbs in this country

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: There is no standardization among the manufacturers of herbs in this country

Question 4 of 5

Match the description 'Active transport of sodium; water follows passively' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.

A. proximal convoluted tubule

B. descending limb of the nephron loop

C. collecting duct

D. ascending limb of the nephron loop

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: proximal convoluted tubule

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence in which urine flows through the kidney toward the urinary bladder?

A. Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor calyx, papillary duct, ureter.

B. Papillary duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter.

C. Minor calyx, major calyx, papillary duct, renal pelvis, ureter.

D. Papillary duct, major calyx, minor calyx, ureter, renal pelvis.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Papillary duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter.

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