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ATI LPN · Fundamentals of Nursing · Ethics and Legal Issues in Healthcare

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Showing all 5 practice questions with expert explanatory rationales.

Question 1 of 5

A 67-year-old woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. She is fully alert and very specifically both verbally and in writing tells you that she does not want to have surgery on her breast to remove the tumor. She fully understands her condition and treatment options. This is a decision her husband and son both disagree with. Over the next several weeks the patient becomes confused and loses the capacity to understand the details of her medical care. The husband and son now approach you to perform the surgery. Which of the following is most appropriate?

A. Refuse to do surgery and follow the original advance directive.
B. Perform the surgery only if the request is in writing.
C. Honor the family's request and perform the surgery.
D. Consult the ethics committee.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Refuse to do surgery and follow the original advance directive.

Question 2 of 5

Mr. Dorone is a 22-year-old man who sustained a subdural hematoma and a brain contusion in a motor vehicle accident. He needs blood in order to have the necessary lifesaving surgery done. His parents refuse to allow the transfusion based on their religious beliefs. What should be done?

A. Honor the parents' wishes and do not give the blood.
B. Give the blood.
C. Wait for a formal hearing with a judge and a court.
D. Give the blood only if the patient consents.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Give the blood.

Question 3 of 5

What should a nurse do if they encounter conflicting orders from two physicians?

A. Follow both orders simultaneously.
B. Choose the order they believe is correct.
C. Clarify the orders with the physicians involved.
D. Ignore both orders and make an independent decision.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Clarify the orders with the physicians involved.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse receives a gift from a patient as a token of appreciation for their care. What action should the nurse take to uphold professionalism and ethical boundaries?

A. Accept the gift graciously and display it at the nursing station.
B. Politely decline the gift, explaining that it is against hospital policy.
C. Accept the gift but discreetly share it with colleagues.
D. Seek guidance from the nursing manager regarding the acceptance of gifts.

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Seek guidance from the nursing manager regarding the acceptance of gifts.

Question 5 of 5

The technique of counselling in which emotional aspects are more significant than the intellectual aspect, is known as

A. Counseller centred counselling
B. Client centred counselling
C. Elective counselling
D. Supervisory counselling

Expert Explanatory Rationale

Correct Answer: Client centred counselling

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